Android versions: A living history from 1.0 to 14 | ...
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Android version 6.0: Marshmallow
In the grand scheme of things, 2015's Marshmallow was a fairly minor Android release — one that seemed more like a 0.1-level update than anything deserving of a full number bump. But it started the trend of Google releasing one major Android version per year and that version always receiving its own whole number.
Marshmallow's most attention-grabbing element was a screen-search feature called Now On Tap — something that, as I said at the time, had tons of potential that wasn't fully tapped. Google never quite perfected the system and ended up quietly retiring its brand and moving it out of the forefront the following year.
JR Raphael / IDGMarshmallow and the almost-brilliance of Google Now on Tap.
Android 6.0 did introduce some stuff with lasting impact, though, including more granular app permissions, support for fingerprint readers, and support for USB-C.
Android versions 7.0 and 7.1: Nougat
Google's 2016 Android Nougat releases provided Android with a native split-screen mode, a new bundled-by-app system for organizing notifications, and a Data Saver feature. Nougat added some smaller but still significant features, too, like an Alt-Tab-like shortcut for snapping between apps.
JR Raphael / IDGAndroid 7.0 Nougat and its new native split-screen mode.
Perhaps most pivotal among Nougat's enhancements, however, was the launch of the Google Assistant — which came alongside the announcement of Google's first fully self-made phone, the Pixel, about two months after Nougat's debut. The Assistant would go on to become a critical component of Android and most other Google products and is arguably the company's foremost effort today.
Android version 8.0 and 8.1: Oreo
Android Oreo added a variety of niceties to the platform, including a native picture-in-picture mode, a notification snoozing option, and notification channels that offer fine control over how apps can alert you.
JR Raphael / IDGOreo added several significant features to the operating system, including a new picture-in-picture mode.
The 2017 release also included some noteworthy elements that furthered Google's goal of aligning Android and Chrome OS and improving the experience of using Android apps on Chromebooks, and it was the first Android version to feature Project Treble — an ambitious effort to create a modular base for Android's code with the hope of making it easier for device-makers to provide timely software updates.
Android version 9: Pie
The freshly baked scent of Android Pie, a.k.a. Android 9, wafted into the Android ecosystem in August of 2018. Pie's most transformative change was its hybrid gesture/button navigation system, which traded Android's traditional Back, Home, and Overview keys for a large, multifunctional Home button and a small Back button that appeared alongside it as needed.
JR Raphael/IDGAndroid 9 introduced a short-lived setup for getting around phones with a mix of both gestures and buttons.
Pie included some noteworthy productivity features, too, such as a universal suggested-reply system for messaging notifications, a new dashboard of Digital Wellbeing controls, and more intelligent systems for power and screen brightness management. And, of course, there was no shortage of smaller but still-significant advancements hidden throughout Pie's filling, including a smarter way to handle Wi-Fi hotspots, a welcome twist to Android's Battery Saver mode, and a variety of privacy and security enhancements.
Android version 10
Google released Android 10 — the first Android version to shed its letter and be known simply by a number, with no dessert-themed moniker attached — in September of 2019. Most noticeably, the software brought about a totally reimagined interface for Android gestures, this time doing away with the tappable Back button altogether and relying on a completely swipe-driven approach to system navigation.
Android 10 packed plenty of other quietly important improvements, including an updated permissions system with more granular control over location data along with a new system-wide dark theme, a new distraction-limiting Focus Mode, and a new on-demand live captioning system for any actively playing media.
JR Raphael/IDGAndroid 10's new privacy permissions model added some much-needed nuance into the realm of location data.
Android version 11
Android 11, launched at the start of September 2020, was a pretty substantial Android update both under the hood and on the surface. The version's most significant changes revolve around privacy: The update built upon the expanded permissions system introduced in Android 10 and added in the option to grant apps location, camera, and microphone permissions only on a limited, single-use basis.
Android 11 also made it more difficult for apps to request the ability to detect your location in the background, and it introduced a feature that automatically revokes permissions from any apps you haven't opened lately. On the interface level, Android 11 included a refined approach to conversation-related notifications along with a new streamlined media player, a new Notification History section, a native screen-recording feature, and a system-level menu of connected-device controls.
JR Raphael/IDGAndroid 11's new media player brought audio controls into the Quick Settings panel, while the new connected-device controls appeared within the system-level power menu.
Android version 12
Google officially launched the final version of Android 12 in October 2021, alongside the launch of its Pixel 6 and Pixel 6 Pro phones.
In a twist from the previous several Android versions, the most significant progressions with Android 12 were mostly on the surface. Android 12 featured the biggest reimagining of Android's interface since 2014's Android 5.0 (Lollipop) version, with an updated design standard known as Material You — which revolves around the idea of you customizing the appearance of your device with dynamically generated themes based on your current wallpaper colors. Those themes automatically change anytime your wallpaper changes, and they extend throughout the entire operating system interface and even into the interfaces of apps that support the standard.
GoogleAndroid 12 ushered in a whole new look and feel for the operating system, with an emphasis on simple color customization. (Click image to enlarge it.)
Surface-level elements aside, Android 12 brought a (long overdue) renewed focus to Android's widget system along with a host of important foundational enhancements in the areas of performance, security, and privacy. The update provided more powerful and accessible controls over how different apps are using your data and how much information you allow apps to access, for instance, and it included a new isolated section of the operating system that allows AI features to operate entirely on a device, without any potential for network access or data exposure.
Android version 13
Android 13, launched in August 2022, is one of Google's strangest Android versions yet. The software is simultaneously one of the most ambitious updates in Android history and one of the most subtle version changes to date. It's an unusual duality, and it ultimately all comes down to what type of device you're using to experience the software.
On the former front, Android 13 introduces a whole new interface design for both tablets and foldable phones, with a renewed focus on creating an exceptional large-screen experience in the operating system itself and within apps (as first observed and reported by Computerworld in January). The enhancements in that area include a fresh framework and series of guidelines for app optimizations along with a more capable split-screen mode for multitasking and a ChromeOS-like desktop-style taskbar that makes it easy to access frequently used apps from anywhere — enhancements we now know were aimed initially at Google's Pixel Fold and Pixel Tablet devices, though their impact and effects have certainly stretched beyond those two products.
Google/JR RaphaelAndroid 13 introduces a more desktop-like multitasking setup for tablets and foldable phones.
On the latter front, Android 13 also laid the groundwork for the Pixel Tablet to function as a stationary Smart Display and then allow you to detach its screen and use it as a tablet. The software introduced support for a whole new series of shared-surface widgets and screensavers along with an expanded multiuser profile system for that purpose.
On regular phones, Android 13 is much less significant — and in fact, most people probably won't even notice its arrival. Along with some minor visual refinements, the software introduces an expanded clipboard system that allows you to see and edit text as it's copied, a native QR code scanning function within the Android Quick Settings area, and a smattering of under-the-hood improvements connected to privacy, security, and performance.
Android version 14
Following a full eight months of out-in-the-open refinement, Google's 14th Android version landed at the start of October 2023 in the midst of the company's Pixel 8 and Pixel 8 Pro launch event.
Like the version before it, Android 14 doesn't look like much on the surface. That's in part because of the trend of Google moving more and more toward a development cycle that revolves around smaller ongoing updates to individual system-level elements year-round — something that's actually a significant advantage for Android users, even if it does have an awkward effect on people's perception of progress.
But despite the subtle nature of its first impression, Android 14 includes a fair amount of noteworthy new stuff. The software introduces a new system for dragging and dropping text between apps, for instance, as well as a new series of native customization options for the Android lock screen.
JR Raphael / IDGAndroid 14 includes options for completely changing the appearance of the lock screen as well as for customizing which shortcuts show up on it.
Android 14 provides a number of new improvements to privacy and security, too, including a new settings-integrated dashboard for managing all your health and fitness data and controlling which apps and devices can access it. And it adds in a more info-rich and context-requiring system for seeing exactly why apps want access to your location when they request such a permission.
The software also sports a series of significant accessibility additions, such as an enhanced on-demand magnifier, an easier way to increase font size in any app, improved support for hearing aid connections, and a built-in option to have your phone flash its camera light anytime a new notification arrives.
Beyond that, Android 14 features a first taste of Google's AI-generated custom wallpaper creator, though that's available only on the Pixel 8 and Pixel 8 Pro to start.
JR Raphael / IDGYou can generate all sorts of interesting wallpapers in seconds via Android 14's AI generator feature — but only on the Pixel 8 or Pixel 8 Pro for now.
Android 14 started rolling out to Google's current Pixel phones in early October, on the day of its release. If past Android upgrade trends are any indication, it'll likely reach the first non-Google-made devices later this year and then continue rolling out slowly to more phones and tablets as the months progress.
This article was originally published in November 2017 and most recently updated in October 2023.
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min read
From its initial release, android has changed conceptually, visually, and functionally with time to provide advanced features to its users. In this article, you will learn the Android version list from the beginning to the latest running mobile operating system with its history, functionality, and features.
1. Android 1.0: Alpha (API 1)The initial version of Android was released on September 23, 2008, known as Android 1.0. There were many loopholes in this alpha version including the necessity of physical keyboards or hardware buttons. It has an Android API (application program interface) level 1. API level is the integer value that identifies the API framework revision provided by the version of the Android platform. API framework includes the core set of classes, packages, XML elements, intents, and permissions that the application can request.
Features- Google Maps, browser, calendar
- Camera and scroll down the notification bar
- Gmail integration, Contacts, and Google Synchronization.
- Wireless supports – Wi-Fi and Bluetooth.
Android Beta version was released on February 9, 2009, with API changes and resolved issues encountered in 1.0. This Android version was released for T-Mobile G1 devices only.
Features- Display details and reviews for locations
- Add a Save attachment in the message
- Provide detailed information by clicking on the business
It was released on April 30, 2009, with the first official public code name and amazing features as compared to the old versions. Moreover, it also brought the third-party app widgets that were the most distinguishing and valuable feature.
Features- on-screen keyboard and search function
- Uploading videos and images
- Copy and paste facility and video recordings
- Support for MPEG4 and 3GP formats
The Android 1.6 version was released on September 15, 2009, was many valuable changes including the ability to operate on several different screen resolutions and sizes. Donut provides the voice and text entry search including bookmark history, and the ability to select multiple images for deletion.
Features- Power Control widget for handling Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPS, etc.
- Gallery and Camera quick toggling features
- WVGA screen resolution speed
- Technology support for CDMA/EVDO, 802.1x, VPNs, and a text-to-speech engine
- Speed improvements for camera and searching applications
- Quick Search Box
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Éclair 2.0 – 2.1 was released on December 3, 2009, with multiple account synchronizations of email and contacts. Moreover, there are many new features were added including flash support, scene mode, white balance, color effect, macro focus, and digital zoom. Android 2.1 version brought bug fixes and stability improvements to the Éclair. The most valuable feature was real-time traffic information and voice-guided turn-by-turn navigation.
Features- Update UI
- Support Bluetooth 2.1
- Improve Google map
- Minor API Changes
- Support Live and animated Wallpapers
- Ability to add contact’s photo and select to call, message, or email
Android version 2.2 was released on May 20, 2010, with speed, memory, and performance improvements. It was introduced with enhanced Bluetooth functionality and compatibility with docks, a portable WiFi hotspot for sharing the 3G connection. Google Nexus One was the first smartphone to have an Android 2.2 Android version. The Android version list provides you the complete historical knowledge of Android operating system updates and improvements.
Features- Support for Animated GIFs and multiple keyboard languages
- Speed and performance improvements
- Upload file support in the browser
- Support numeric & alphanumeric passwords to enhance security
- Increased Compatibility with car kits and headsets
- Wi-Fi Support Hotspot functionality
Gingerbread exists in the 7th position in the Android version list that was released on December 6, 2010. The main enhanced feature was the introduction of gaming API with improved graphical intense gaming, so it has boomed the mobile games.
Features- Improve Copy and Paste Facility
- Updated UI design
- Support for VP8 and WebM video format
- Video calling and Social Networking Supports
- Easy to use a keyboard with faster and intuitive typing
Honeycomb from the Android version list was released in 2011 which was a tablet-only release to launch the Motorola Xoom. It was also suitable for those mobiles having a larger view than current smartphones.
Features- Gmail, contacts, camera, and gallery improvements
- Support for passwords with complex characters
- encrypted storage and updated 3D UI
- Supports multiprocessors and recent apps for easy visual multitasking
- Media Sync from SD Card
- Action bar for application control
- System bar for global status and notifications
- Google eBooks and Talk Video Chat
- Support Adobe Flash in Browser
- More sensor support
- High-performance Wi-Fi Connections and Lock
- Chinese handwriting and redesigned keyboard
The ice cream sandwich was released on October 19, 2011, with many enhanced features to enter the era of modern design. The snapshot was introduced to take screenshots by holding the volume and power button. Android version list has a variety of Android operating systems but as compared to all older versions, ice cream sandwich widgets are more robust and resizable.
Features- Spelling check feature
- Wi-Fi Direct
- Photo Decor facility and on-screen buttons
- Unlocking with face-fixing.
- Card-like appearance for app-switching
- Improved video recording with high-resolution
- Better Camera performance
- Ability to open up to 16 tabs in the web browser
The better version of Android known as Jelly Bean was released in June 2012 with Google Digital Assistant technology accessible from the home screen. The spectacular predictive intelligence utility provides expandable and interactive notifications. Moreover, users can enjoy multi-user support into play and many other valuable features.
Features- Voice search and typing
- Panorama
- Project Butter
- Expandable notifications
- Daydream as a screensaver
- Power control
- Support USB audio
- Improved camera app
- Security improvements
- New gestures and accessibility features
- Multiple user accounts (Only for tablets)
- 4k resolution support
- Supporting Bluetooth with low-energy
- Bi-directional text and different language support
- Set or adjust the volume of incoming calls and show a message alert
- Google displays relevant content based on your search history
- Native emoji support
Android version 4.4 was released on September 3, 2013, with more focus on better user experience. KitKat is optimized to run at a larger range of old versions from the Android version list. The smartphone must have a minimum of 512 MB of RAM.
Features- Screen Recording
- Contact Prioritization
- GPS Support
- Smarter Caller ID
- Offline music support
- UI updates for alarm and Google map navigations
- Cartoonish ideograms and emojis to the Google keyboard
- KitKat has an ‘OK Google’ feature that allows access to Google to the users without touching their smartphones.
Lollipop or Android version 5.0 was released on November 12, 2014, with a redesigned user interface and built with “material design”. It gives a new and modern look extended across all of Android, applications, and Google products. Lollipop from the Android version list comes with many amazing features including Support for better notification management.
Features- Support ART
- Better device protection
- Notifications can be flicked away from the lock screen
- Better and improved UI
- Built-in battery saver feature
- New material design
- Revamped navigation bar
- Support for multiple SIM cards
- The high definition of voice call.
In the year 2015, Google used “Macadamia Nut Cookie” to describe Android version 6.0 before the Marshmallow official announcement.
Features- Support for Fingerprint readers
- Type C USB support
- Multi-window experience
- ’Sleep Mode’ for saving battery life
- Clear permission system
- Custom Google tabs and improved Copy-pasting
Android 7.0 was released in 2016 with a native split-screen mode, data saver functionality, and a “bundled-by-app” system to organize notifications.
Features- Provide multitasking and split-screen mode
- Storage manager enhancements
- Quick setting toggles
- Display touch enhancements
- Better setting application
- Inline reply to messages and notifications without opening applications
Oreo was released in the year 2017 having native picture-in-picture mode, notification snoozing options, and better control over how applications can alert you by notifications.
Features- Password autofill
- Auto-enable Wi-Fi
- Downloadable fonts
- Multi-display support
- Support Picture-in-Picture
- Notification channels and snooze notification
- Google Play support and new emoji styling
- Adaptive icons and smart text selection
The pie was publicly released on August 6, 2018, with plenty of amazing features according to the users’ interests and requirements. According to a report, Pie is the most widely used operating system in the Android version list.
Features- Sound amplifier with select-to-speak options
- Artificial intelligence (AI) compatibility
- Adaptive Battery and Brightness with background restrictions
- Multi-camera support with external camera compatibility
- New Gesture Navigation and App Actions
- New Screenshot Shortcut key and accessibility menu
- Easier Screen Rotation and edge-to-edge screen support
- Volume and Sound enhancements
- Selectable Dark Mode
- HDR, HD audio, multiple Bluetooth connections
- Slices and long press to overview selection
- Improved Security features for extra protection
- Digital well-being with app timers, dashboard, and do-not-disturb options
- Android backups and privacy enhancements
- More Notification Information and easier text selection
Android version 10 was officially released on September 3, 2019, with enhanced features and functionalities with higher API levels.
Features- Support for foldable smartphones with flexible displays
- Dark mode for eye comfortability
- Navigation control over gestures is quicker and more intuitive than ever
- Sound amplifier with more clear sound
- Smart reply suggestions for all messaging apps
- Live caption for media playing on a smartphone
- Undo app removal
- Better notification control with many options
Android developers are continually working to provide more advanced applications as per the user requirements. Most of the developers are searching for Android Developer vs Web Developer to choose a trending field.
The following are the new features that you will experience in the new Android 11 that is going to be released and will be the latest version in the Android version list.
- Native screen recording
- Muting notifications during video
- Increase touch sensitivity
- Notification History
- Auto revoke app permissions
Following are the Revamped or updated features:
- Revamped menu and screenshot shortcuts
- New text selection mode from one app to another
- Undoing recently cleared applications
- Airplane mode doesn’t kill Bluetooth anymore
- Face Unlock will require you to open your eyes in pixel 4
- App pinning in the share menu
- Improved notification conversation shades
- Conversation bubbles and context-aware dark mode
- Improved one-time permissions
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